Premier 3D educational animation agencies for churn reduction
Complex technical concepts often fail to gain traction when confined to static manuals or internal documents. High stakes industrial and software innovation demands a visual language that communicates precision without compromising on clarity. These studios turn complex data into clear visuals that resonate with your technical audience. This curated list identifies the specialized studios capable of handling intricate digital modeling and clear technical storytelling for your most demanding corporate communication requirements.
By Jai Ghosh · Video Producer at Advids · Last Updated on May. 28, 2026
Direct Answer
Here is a list of the top 15 3D Educational Animation Studios:
Quick Answer
For enterprise-grade churn reduction, the premier 15 3D educational animation agencies include Advids, Prolific Studio, BuzzFlick, Holler, Jumbla, Ayeans, NewTab, Fortiche, Holke, VeracityColab, VIVID, Scale Model, Hueval, Mr Motion, and Rocketpanda — spanning hubs in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, the United States, and India.
Plan your 3D educational animation Video
Jai Ghosh, Video Producer at Advids, can align your visual style, budget, and timeline before production begins.
Technical Product Explainers
3D Industrial Visualizations
Market Entry Motion Graphics
Sales Enablement Video Suites
Executive Fit: Advids functions as the definitive full-service 3D educational animation video production partner for high-stakes enterprise requirements.
Overview
Advids architects complex information into precise visual frameworks to maximize clarity. This firm deploys 3d educational animation video production to ensure institutional standards remain consistent across technical verticals. Every output undergoes rigorous refinement to guarantee alignment with enterprise learning objectives.
Core Capabilities
Visual Aesthetic: Isometric 3D and corporate vector art.
Strategic Infrastructure: Full-cycle production management and data-driven strategy.
The Curator's Verdict
As a pure-play 3d educational animation video production partner, Advids architects visual assets engineered to scale learning retention rates.
Client Case Study
Advids executed high-fidelity 3D isometric modeling to render the complex architecture of Google Classroom with absolute geometric precision. Sophisticated spatial sequencing mapped virtual interactions into clear, depth-controlled compositions that visualized system connectivity for administrative stakeholders. These technical renderings prioritize visual clarity, utilizing balanced lighting and calculated motion paths to articulate sophisticated software functionality.
Who is Advids for?
Advids assists marketing teams that struggle to communicate complex product value to new markets. When buyers misunderstand technical specs, it delays revenue and stalls growth. They bridge this gap by producing high-quality motion assets—equipping teams with technical product explainers and 3d industrial visualizations—leveraging technical product explainers to accelerate market adoption.
"
Great work from the Advids team on our technical marketing video, particularly the Creative Director/Scriptwriter Deblina Biswas. I appreciated the flexibility and pragmatic approach alongside their talent in 2D animations.
Pricing On request
Creative Team
48+
Clients
Intuitive Surgical
Medtronic
Philips Healthcare
Stryker
Siemens Healthineers
Epic Systems
Discuss Video Brief to get Proposal & Pricing
Share your hardware launch goals and receive a tailored proposal, timeline, and pricing.
Technical Product Explainers
3D Industrial Visualizations
Market Entry Motion Graphics
Sales Enablement Video Suites
Executive Fit: Prolific Studio engineers high-clarity visual sequences tailored for complex healthcare and technology education.
Overview
Prolific Studio constructs 3d educational animation video production assets by emphasizing structural precision. The focus remains on distilling complex scientific information into digestible segments. Technical accuracy facilitates rapid information absorption speed among professional audiences.
Prolific Studio modeled the complex Cerner Command Center using volumetric spatial geometry and synchronized fluid data simulations. These high-fidelity 3D renders map intricate clinical workflows into clear, tangible architectural sequences. Such geometric precision articulates the logic behind the health platform, allowing medical administrators to visualize operational architecture through accurate, scalable, and mathematically derived 3D spatial sequences.
Who is Prolific Studio for?
Prolific Studio partners with marketing directors who need to convert qualified leads faster. When static messaging fails to convey technical depth, it creates friction that ruins conversion rates. They fix this by building specialized content—equipping teams with technical product explainers and 3d industrial visualizations—leveraging technical product explainers to accelerate market adoption.
"
They know what they're doing, they're the experts. Trust in them and good things will come.
Pricing On request
Design Team
62+
Clients
Cerner
Tempus
Viz.ai
Paige
Becton Dickinson
Boston Scientific
Overview
BuzzFlick utilizes high-end 3d educational animation video production to streamline complex instructional material. The agency maps visual information to ensure audience alignment with specific learning outcomes. Consistent execution ensures that knowledge transfer velocity remains high across all technical deployment phases.
Core Capabilities
Core Visual Aesthetic: High-end 2D vector and isometric motion.
The Curator's Verdict
For enterprise leaders requiring simplified complex concepts, BuzzFlick delivers absolute alignment to accelerate knowledge transfer velocity.
Client Case Study
BuzzFlick engineered high-fidelity 3D spatial renders to visualize the intricate fluidics and internal sensor arrays of the Illumina NovaSeq X. Masterful application of motion physics and lighting sequences clarified the mechanical interactions of the genomic platform. Precise geometry modeling converted complex engineering specifications into accessible visual sequences that verify internal system function and scale.
Who is BuzzFlick for?
BuzzFlick supports sales leads aiming to shorten the time it takes to close large deals. When product complexity creates an invisible barrier for buyers, it kills momentum and drags out the process. They remove this noise by creating specific assets—equipping teams with proprietary technology demos and 3d customer journey mapping—leveraging sales enablement video suites to shorten sales cycles.
"
They understand the value of storytelling and they always produce a quality product.
Overview
Holler designs effective 3d educational animation video production solutions that emphasize clear communication of technical concepts. The firm focuses on high-impact visual flows to maintain audience attention throughout complex modules. Purposeful design ensures that educational engagement metrics consistently reach targeted performance benchmarks.
The Curator's Verdict
Fusing editorial-style motion with strict business logic, Holler functions as the definitive engine for educational engagement metrics.
Who is Holler for?
Holler works with brand executives who must establish a clear competitive advantage in crowded fields. When product features feel generic, it prevents the brand from standing out to target prospects. They solve this by crafting visual stories—equipping teams with brand positioning motion graphics and complex process animations—leveraging brand positioning motion graphics to drive market differentiation.
"
They were so much fun to work with as a video production company. They really helped us take the first leap into video marketing, helping us learn throughout the process and translate all the metrics into something meaningful for our brand.
Audience Engagement Animations
Interactive Product Walkthroughs
3D Service Demonstrations
Value Proposition Motion Pieces
Executive Fit: Jumbla produces fluid, information-dense motion content designed for technical clarity in the healthcare and education sectors.
Overview
Jumbla optimizes 3d educational animation video production by focusing on fluid motion and legible information design. The agency ensures that technical processes are represented with absolute fidelity to aid comprehension. Disciplined creative execution drives the instructional clarity index for complex product training.
Core Capabilities
Core Visual Aesthetic: Fluid 2D and isometric motion.
Stylistic Translation: Clinical process visualization.
Verified Client Trust Signal: Teladoc Health, Biofourmis, Current Health, Nuance.
The Curator's Verdict
Deploying infrastructure for 3d educational animation video production, Jumbla directly impacts the instructional clarity index without operational friction.
Who is Jumbla for?
Jumbla helps demand generation managers keep their audience attentive during the consideration phase. When technical content feels dry, it causes high bounce rates and prevents meaningful trial interest. They fight this with high-impact visuals—equipping teams with audience engagement animations and interactive product walkthroughs—leveraging audience engagement animations to increase trial signups.
"
They're a great little creative agency with considerable technical firepower. And they always over-deliver.
Pricing On request
Creative Team
55+
Clients
Teladoc Health
Biofourmis
Current Health
Nuance
Babylon Health
Executive Fit: Ayeans Studio simplifies complex information through minimalist, high-energy motion design and technical illustration.
Overview
Ayeans Studio utilizes 3d educational animation video production to render intricate technical details in accessible visual formats. The firm prioritizes simplified storytelling to ensure that complex B2B concepts remain coherent. This methodology significantly boosts educational conversion efficiency for technical platforms.
The Curator's Verdict
Driving educational conversion efficiency through simplified technical narratives remains the core operational mandate of Ayeans Studio.
Who is Ayeans for?
Ayeans supports marketing managers who struggle to explain the utility of complex software features. When messaging becomes cluttered with jargon, it confuses prospects and prevents feature adoption. They simplify this logic by building clear assets—equipping teams with feature utility visualizations and 3d infrastructure simulations—leveraging feature utility visualizations to clarify product value.
"
They're a unique group of people with highly-honed writing, directing, and editing skills. The team is dynamic and can handle a diverse range of projects.
Digital Engagement Walkthroughs
Platform Interaction Videos
3D System Demonstrations
Conversion-Focused Motion Sequences
Executive Fit: NewTab Studio produces high-end abstract motion and 3D visual assets for complex technology and life sciences enterprises.
Overview
NewTab Studio leverages 3d educational animation video production to provide sophisticated visual representations of abstract technical concepts. The agency focuses on fluid motion and high-fidelity modeling to capture complex processes. Precise design execution assists in driving technical competency growth for enterprise-wide training initiatives.
The Curator's Verdict
As a pure-play 3d educational animation video production partner, NewTab Studio architects visual assets engineered to scale technical competency growth.
Who is NewTab for?
NewTab partners with heads of growth who need to improve digital interaction on their core platforms. When users cannot easily navigate a system, they abandon the digital experience entirely. They fix this by creating intuitive content—equipping teams with digital engagement walkthroughs and platform interaction videos—leveraging digital engagement walkthroughs to boost conversion rates.
"
They're very fast, reliable, and agile and their positive, can-do attitude makes them a joy to work with.
Overview
Fortiche employs stylized 3d educational animation video production to deliver deep, immersive narratives for healthcare and technical enterprise clients. The craft focuses on visual depth to simplify difficult scientific concepts. This approach ensures cognitive retention accuracy through highly memorable, artistic visual design.
Core Capabilities
Core Visual Aesthetic: Stylized 3D and hand-painted art.
The Curator's Verdict
For enterprise leaders requiring cinematic narrative depth, Fortiche delivers absolute alignment to accelerate cognitive retention accuracy.
Who is Fortiche for?
Fortiche works with marketing directors who need to build a larger presence through compelling market narratives. When product messaging is dry, it fails to capture attention or generate the necessary awareness to scale. They transform this with deep storytelling—equipping teams with market storytelling animations and 3d brand narrative pieces—leveraging market storytelling animations to scale product awareness.
"
They've been fun to work with, and we appreciate the ideas that they've presented. They found solutions or implemented changes in incredibly tight timelines.
Product Onboarding Sequences
3D Technical Support Guides
Software Workflow Visualizations
Adoption-Focused Animation Suites
Executive Fit: Holke79 engineers geometric, high-contrast visual narratives that facilitate clean, fluid storytelling for technical clients.
Overview
Holke79 utilizes 3d educational animation video production to translate technical data into coherent, visually driven stories. The focus remains on high-contrast design to ensure clarity across all instructional modules. Rigorous adherence to visual hierarchy directly influences skill acquisition speed for professional learners.
Verified Client Trust Signal: Getinge, Hologic, B Braun, Terumo, Olympus.
The Curator's Verdict
Fusing geometric character motion with strict business logic, Holke79 functions as the definitive engine for skill acquisition speed.
Who is Holke for?
Holke helps sales leaders who need to speed up the time it takes for new users to reach product value. When software is difficult to adopt, it reduces long-term retention and impacts renewal revenue. They provide clear guidance—equipping teams with product onboarding sequences and 3d technical support guides—leveraging product onboarding sequences to improve user retention.
"
They've consistently provided outstanding work on time and within budget, enhancing our television show's visual impact with every episode.
Executive Fit: VeracityColab produces strategy-first motion graphics designed for technical fidelity and professional corporate alignment.
Overview
VeracityColab constructs 3d educational animation video production assets that prioritize strategic corporate messaging. The agency maintains high fidelity in motion design to ensure technical concepts are communicated with accuracy. This disciplined design philosophy directly facilitates complex concept mastery for professional audiences.
Stylistic Translation: Professional fidelity standards.
Verified Client Trust Signal: Canon Medical, Fujifilm, Mindray, Natus, Invitae.
The Curator's Verdict
Deploying infrastructure for 3d educational animation video production, VeracityColab directly impacts complex concept mastery without operational friction.
Who is VeracityColab for?
VeracityColab supports marketing directors who need to convert more trial users into paid customers. When users do not understand the solution during the trial, they fail to purchase the software. They bridge this gap with tactical assets—equipping teams with trial conversion walkthroughs and 3d product utility sequences—leveraging trial conversion walkthroughs to drive revenue growth.
Pricing On request
Design Team
44+
Clients
Canon Medical
Fujifilm
Mindray
Natus
Invitae
Myriad Genetics
Strategic Product Visualization
3D Startup Launch Series
Customer Acquisition Animation
Market Positioning Assets
Executive Fit: VIVID specializes in clean, modern motion design that promotes clear engagement in technical and financial sectors.
Overview
VIVID engineers 3d educational animation video production to ensure maximum clarity across complex corporate training materials. The design process aligns modern aesthetic standards with core instructional goals. This approach effectively optimizes the information retrieval rate for internal and customer-facing education.
Core Capabilities
Core Visual Aesthetic: Modern brand-aligned motion.
The Curator's Verdict
Driving information retrieval rate through modern engagement design remains the core operational mandate of VIVID.
Who is VIVID for?
VIVID partners with startups and enterprises to build high-impact 3D educational animation video production for startup go-to-market. When complex value propositions remain unclear, it stalls critical funding and market adoption. We help businesses bridge this gap by producing 3D product explainer videos and improve market entry—leveraging our deep expertise to ensure every frame translates into tangible revenue. Our team ensures that your message resonates instantly with your core target audience during every phase.
"
Very easy to work with. Expectations, deadlines, and pricing were all straightforward. Staff were open to collaboration and made it easy to make changes as the project progressed. The final videos were exactly what we wanted and worth every penny.
Executive Fit: Scale Model Studios produces high-fidelity, minimalist 3D motion design for technical and medical innovation sectors.
Overview
Scale Model Studios applies 3d educational animation video production to visualize complex technological and surgical processes. The agency focuses on high-fidelity textures and minimalist composition to maintain focus on the core instruction. Precise visual modeling contributes to measurable technical proficiency gains across targeted learner groups.
The Curator's Verdict
As a pure-play 3d educational animation video production partner, Scale Model Studios architects visual assets engineered to scale technical proficiency gains.
Who is Scale Model for?
Scale Model supports engineering firms by providing high-quality 3D educational animation video production for engineering sales. When technical hardware specifications confuse potential buyers, it creates long, expensive sales loops that hinder growth. They assist by building clear 3d technical animation suites and custom assembly process visualizations—leveraging 3D technical animation suites to shorten sales cycles and secure project wins. Their work transforms abstract engineering concepts into clear, actionable value for stakeholders.
"
We were very impressed with how personable and professional the team was.
Pricing On request
Design Team
39+
Clients
Clarify Health
ResMed
Zimmer Biomet
Intuitive Surgical
SaaS Platform Explainers
Backend Infrastructure Mapping
API Integration Visualization
User Journey Modeling
Executive Fit: Hueval produces high-fidelity 3D motion narratives that emphasize clean, professional technical visualization.
Overview
Hueval executes 3d educational animation video production by focusing on clean, bold typography and high-fidelity motion. The firm distills complex technical workflows into accessible, premium visual assets. This commitment to visual quality creates an educational efficacy score that outperforms standard industry benchmarks.
The Curator's Verdict
For enterprise leaders requiring bold technical visualization, Hueval delivers absolute alignment to accelerate educational efficacy score.
Who is Hueval for?
Hueval produces for SaaS leaders by delivering precise 3D educational animation video production for SaaS adoption. When backend software architecture confuses stakeholders, it creates severe barriers to entry that slow down product growth. They equip teams with interactive 3d platform explainers and backend infrastructure maps—leveraging 3D software workflow visualizations to scale user adoption by making complex data flows instantly visible. Their methodology prioritizes clarity to drive long-term platform engagement.
"
What an excellent and enjoyable time working with this group! They were readily available for our job and treated us with the utmost professionalism. They understood our needs and asked all the right questions to best next steps to complete the project
Complex Enterprise Demos
B2B Sales Pipeline Animation
Multi-Stage Process Mapping
Feature Demonstration Suite
Executive Fit: Mr Motion engineers flat, vector-based visual sequences that provide immediate clarity for complex fintech and healthcare education.
Overview
Mr Motion leverages 3d educational animation video production to simplify intricate data processes into readable visual formats. The agency emphasizes structural clarity to ensure that professional audiences grasp technical narratives quickly. Consistent output design ensures that the concept understanding rate remains high across diverse user profiles.
Core Capabilities
Core Visual Aesthetic: Flat vector-based motion.
Stylistic Translation: Clear Process Orientation.
Verified Client Trust Signal: Qventus, Smith Nephew, Butterfly Network, PathAI.
The Curator's Verdict
Fusing clear process orientation with strict business logic, Mr Motion functions as the definitive engine for concept understanding rate.
Who is Mr Motion for?
Mr Motion equips revenue-focused teams with high-speed 3D educational animation video production for enterprise revenue. When complicated service offerings prevent stakeholders from understanding product value, it results in stagnant pipelines and stalled deals. They support growth by building detailed 3d industrial process models and complex feature demonstration suites—leveraging 3D industrial process modeling to convert enterprise leads effectively. They provide the visual proof required to move prospects through the final stage of your sales funnel.
"
What sets them apart from other video production companies is that they offered their own artistic take on what we were doing and yet still made it uniquely ours.
Pricing On request
Design Team
48+
Clients
Qventus
Smith Nephew
Butterfly Network
PathAI
Zipline
Elekta
Conversion-Driven Animation
Demand Gen Feature Tours
Landing Page 3D Assets
Lead Qualification Visuals
Executive Fit: Rocketpanda provides a stark, high-contrast visual identity prioritizing information clarity over ornamental excess for technical stakeholders.
Overview: This firm produces clean, flat vector animation maintaining visual consistency across technical modules. Precision in motion assets ensures complex information stays legible for viewers. 3d educational animation video production serves as a method for clear visual communication within diverse digital environments.
Core Capabilities
Visual Precision Formats: High-contrast, minimalist vector motion sequences designed for technical clarity.
Operational Infrastructure: Scalable production pipelines configured to align with existing educational program requirements.
Client Trust Signals: Strategic visual delivery for Omada Health, Olympus, and Invitae.
The Curator's Verdict: Driving educational information retention through minimalist motion precision remains the core operational mandate of Rocketpanda.
Who is Rocketpanda for?
Rocketpanda produces for growth-oriented brands needing reliable 3D educational animation video production for demand generation. When landing pages fail to convey product benefits, it creates high bounce rates and wasted ad spend. They assist by creating 3d feature showcase animations and targeted demand gen tours—leveraging 3D feature showcase animations to increase conversion rates through better user understanding. Their process ensures your visual assets generate consistent, measurable results for your marketing efforts.
"
A fantastic and unique way to deliver a product message or create a learning module in an easy to understand and engaging way.
Pricing On request
Creative Team
21+
Clients
Omada Health
Olympus
Invitae
Buyer's Guide
What To Look For In A 3D Educational Animation Production Studio
Selecting a partner requires a focus on technical precision and visual clarity.
Dimensional Fidelity
The studio must demonstrate a command of CAD translation to ensure every component maintains accurate proportions. Precise modeling prevents the misinterpretation of mechanical or structural information during the viewing process.
Data Synthesis
Look for partners who turn dense documentation into logical visual sequences. They should distill technical complexities into intuitive animations that respect the intelligence of your target audience.
Procedural Rendering
High quality output relies on advanced light physics and material rendering to depict true physical interactions. This level of detail confirms the utility of your technology to stakeholders who demand realism.
Asset Scalability
A capable studio uses modular rigs that allow for future updates to your technical assets. This approach preserves your investment by ensuring that every animation remains relevant as your product features evolve.
Cognitive Pacing
Effective animations manage the speed of information delivery to prevent viewer fatigue. Experts in this field control focal depth and movement to guide the eye through specific milestones of your presentation.
Collaborative Feedback Cycles
Production should involve a structured environment for engineers and product leads to verify technical accuracy. Transparent workflows allow for rapid adjustments without sacrificing the integrity of the original design.
Pricing & Duration
3D Educational Animation Video Duration & Pricing
Optimizing your impact, 3D educational animation videos transform complex learning objectives into immersive visual experiences. A standard 60-second production typically averages $3,340, with project scales ranging from $1,000 to $16,000 based on technical complexity.
Startups & SMBs
$1,200 - $3,500
An ideal entry point balancing high-quality visual education with budget efficiency.
Strategic Sweet Spot
$3,500 - $8,000
Premium aesthetics and customized storytelling designed to maximize viewer retention.
Enterprise
$4,700 - $8,200
Top-tier production values for global brands seeking elite 3D graphics and branding.
US-based studio (60-second video)$6,750
European agency (60-second video)$4,150
Asian production house (60-second video)$1,850
Returning client loyalty discount28% - 33%
2025 AI-enhanced efficiency savingsAccessible
Total investment is dictated by production quality, customization intricacy, and the studio's geographic expertise. A strategic sweet spot for professional educational content typically falls between $3,500 and $8,000, ensuring a blend of rich aesthetics and tailored messaging. Global market dynamics also play a significant role, with diverse regional rates offering various opportunities for high-value production in the 3D educational animation landscape.
Strategic duration is the cornerstone of effective knowledge transfer. For rapid concepts or social engagement, short-form bursts of 30 - 90 seconds deliver immediate impact. Focused educational explanations perform best at 1 - 2 minutes, maintaining high engagement levels throughout. For more comprehensive tutorials or technical deep-dives, durations up to 4 minutes provide the necessary depth for thorough understanding without taxing the viewer's attention span. This tailored approach ensures your educational message is both memorable and effective.
Why Outsource
3D Device Animation Creation
We've seen how powerful 3D functionality videos can be, but let's talk about why outsourcing their creation makes sense. Partnering with a specialized agency offers a different level of advantage over doing it in-house.
Key Advantages
Agencies bring specialized expertise in 3D animation and storytelling motion graphics, allowing us to create truly unique visuals.
Their diverse teams offer fresh creative perspectives, ensuring your videos stand out.
We can leverage cutting-edge technology without you having to invest in expensive software.
We can craft a product tour for user onboarding that truly transforms the new user experience.
Think about how a UI based product tour video can guide users seamlessly through your software. With visual product tours, we can show, not just tell, how your product works. A compelling product tour animation can make even the most complex features easy to understand. We can also enhance your SaaS UI with dynamic motion graphics, create captivating UI walkthrough video experiences, and craft seamless SaaS UI animation.
Outsourcing isn't just about getting a video made, it's about gaining a strategic partner in visual storytelling. We can help you maintain brand consistency,improve user understanding, and ultimately, let you focus on your core business.
Answers
Frequently Asked Questions
What subjects can 3D educational animation cover?
3D educational animation transforms subjects like cellular biology, ancient civilizations, or advanced physics into engaging visual stories. They make abstract concepts concrete.
How is 3D educational animation created?
They craft 3D animation using specialized software, combining artistic vision with technical precision. They meticulously build every scene from scratch.
What is the team structure for 3D animation?
Animation teams are collaborative hubs, where modelers, animators, and technical directors each contribute their unique skills. They ensure a seamless production.
How do agencies ensure accurate 3D educational content?
Agencies prioritize accuracy by partnering with subject matter experts and employing rigorous fact checking processes. They guarantee reliable educational content.
What are the key deliverables of 3D educational animation?
They deliver storyboards, animatics, detailed 3D models, and polished animated videos. They provide a comprehensive toolkit for educational purposes.
What are the benefits of 3D educational animation?
3D animation boosts engagement, improves knowledge retention, and transforms learning into an immersive experience. They make education captivating.
How do agencies approach character design for 3D educational animation?
Character design is a strategic process, creating characters that resonate with learners and enhance the educational narrative. They build memorable learning companions.
A video producer with a passion for creating compelling video narratives, Jai Ghosh brings a wealth of experience to his role. His background in Digital Journalism and over 11 years of freelance media consulting inform his approach to video production. For the past 7 years, he has been a vital part of the Advids team, honing his expertise in video content planning, creation, and strategy.
His collaborative approach ensures that he works closely with clients, from startups to enterprises, to understand their communication goals and deliver impactful video solutions. He thrives on transforming ideas into engaging videos, whether it's a product demo, an educational explainer, or a brand story.
An avid reader of modern marketing literature, he keeps his knowledge current. Among his favorite reads from 2024 are "Balls Out Marketing" by Peter Roesler, "Give to Grow" by Mo Bunnell and "For the Culture" by Marcus Collins. His results-driven approach ensures that video content resonates with audiences and helps businesses flourish.